The working principle of hydraulic cylinder assembly is based on Pascal's law (that is, the pressure transmitted by the liquid in a closed container is equal in all directions) and the basic principle of hydraulic transmission. The following is a detailed explanation of the working principle of the hydraulic cylinder assembly:
1. Pressure transmission
Boosting process: Hydraulic oil is pumped into the hydraulic cylinder through a hydraulic pump to increase the hydraulic pressure inside the cylinder. During this process, hydraulic oil is squeezed into a specific area of the cylinder, forming a high-pressure zone.
Pressure distribution: According to Pascal's law, the pressure inside the hydraulic cylinder is equal in all directions. Therefore, when hydraulic oil is squeezed into the high-pressure zone, it will transmit pressure in all directions.
2. Piston propulsion
Piston force: When hydraulic pressure acts on the piston, it will be subjected to pressure and move. The direction of this movement depends on the control of the control valve, which can achieve forward, backward, or stop.
Force transmission: The movement of the piston transmits hydraulic pressure to other parts of the cylinder, such as connecting rods, valves, etc. Through the transmission of hydraulic pressure, mechanical motion can be achieved.
3. Motion control
Function of one-way valve: In hydraulic cylinders, one-way valves play a crucial role. It allows hydraulic oil to enter the cylinder from one direction, but prevents hydraulic oil from flowing back in the opposite direction. This ensures that the piston can move stably when subjected to hydraulic pressure.
Control valve adjustment: By adjusting the control valve, the flow rate and pressure of hydraulic oil can be controlled, thereby achieving accurate control of the speed, force, and direction of hydraulic cylinder movement.
4. Return oil process
Return oil path: After the hydraulic cylinder completes its work, the hydraulic oil needs to return to the storage tank through the return oil path of the control valve. During this process, the hydraulic cylinder will become unloaded, preparing for the next operation.
Pressure release: During the oil return process, the pressure inside the hydraulic cylinder will gradually release to ensure that the system is in a safe state.
5. Energy Conversion
Hydraulic energy converted into mechanical energy: Through the flow and pressure transmission of hydraulic oil, hydraulic cylinders convert hydraulic energy into mechanical energy to achieve load movement or positioning.
Energy amplification: Since the piston area in the hydraulic cylinder is proportional to the hydraulic pressure, the size of the hydraulic pressure can be changed by changing the piston area, thereby controlling the speed and force of the hydraulic cylinder. This achieves the amplification effect of energy.
In summary, the working principle of the hydraulic cylinder assembly is to utilize the pressure transmission property of the liquid, and to inject hydraulic oil into the cylinder through a hydraulic pump, forming a high-pressure zone and pushing the piston to move. By adjusting the control valve, accurate control of the speed, force, and direction of hydraulic cylinder movement can be achieved. Ultimately, the hydraulic cylinder converts hydraulic energy into mechanical energy, enabling the movement or positioning of the load.